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info@scarsandlasers.co.nz
15 Green Lane East, Remuera, Auckland, New Zealand
Monday - Friday: 7:45 am - 5:00 pm
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common sun-related skin condition frequently seen in fair-skinned New Zealanders. It presents as rough, scaly, or sandpaper-like patches that may be white, red, pink, or brown. These lesions arise on chronically sun-exposed areas such as the face, scalp, ears, neck, hands, and forearms. AKs are medically significant because they are considered precancerous — meaning that, if left untreated, a proportion can progress to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Having multiple AKs is also a sign of cumulative UV damage and increases a person’s overall risk of developing skin cancer.
AKs develop when ultraviolet (UV) radiation damages the DNA of keratinocytes (the main cells of the epidermis). Over time, this repeated UV exposure leads to mutations that interfere with normal cell growth and repair. Damaged keratinocytes become atypical and begin to multiply abnormally, forming the characteristic rough, scaly lesions seen on the skin’s surface. In some cases, these mutated cells continue to accumulate genetic errors, eventually transforming into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. This process explains why early detection, sun protection, and appropriate treatment are essential in preventing skin cancer progression.
AKs are considered precancerous because a small percentage can progress into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Having multiple AKs also indicates significant sun damage, increasing your overall skin cancer risk. Early assessment and treatment help prevent progression.
AKs often appear as rough, scaly, or sandpaper-like patches that may be red, pink, white, or brown. They can feel tender, dry, or flaky and are most common on sun-exposed areas such as the face, scalp, ears, neck, and hands.
Treatment options include liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy), prescription creams, photodynamic therapy (PDT), laser treatments, or combination therapies. Your dermatologist will recommend the most appropriate option depending on the number, location, and severity of lesions.
Even after treatment, AKs may recur—especially if there has been extensive long-term sun damage. New lesions can also develop over time. Ongoing sun protection and regular skin checks significantly reduce recurrence.
Daily broad-spectrum sunscreen, protective clothing, avoiding peak UV hours, and regular skin examinations are key. Preventing further UV damage reduces the risk of developing new AKs or progression to skin cancer.
ACC funding eligibility is determined by the Accident Compensation Corporation on a case-by-case basis. Approval is dependent on injury acceptance, clinical indication, and ACC policy at the time of application. Not all treatments offered at Scars & Lasers are ACC-funded. Private fees may apply for unfunded components of care.
